In this article, I discuss the consequences for Mongolia's foreign policy of Russia's war in Ukraine with regard to Russia, China and the so-called Third Neighbours. The concept of Finlandisation can be a model for this.

The last constitutional amendments of 2020 in Mongolia have brought improvements. However, these have not eliminated the fundamental flaw, namely the character of the constitution as a mixed system. This means that it is still not clearly decided whether the political system should be presidential or parliamentary. Imbalances and overlapping in the separation of power between the executive, legislative and judicial branches continue to exist and the governing democratic principle of "checks and balances" is restricted. This hinders the effective functioning of the political system to the detriment of the country and its people. I have analysed this in: МОНГОЛ УЛСЫН ҮНДСЭН ХУУЛИЙН 2020 ОНЫ НЭМЭЛТ ӨӨРЧЛӨЛТ - ДЭВШИЛ ГАРСАН УУ? http://baabar.mn/article/baabar-mn-article-undsen-khuuli1-year-2022-month-09-day-25. Not for nothing are further changes being discussed in Mongolia. In my view, the following amendments are necessary.