The Mongolian people's knowledge of the history of Lamaism in Mongolia and its significance for the culture and life of the Mongols had been systematically erased during the socialist period. In this respect, it makes sense even today to recall some facets of the history of Lamaism in Mongolia. And it is important to understand that religion, as a component of culture, also contributes to the cultural immunity of a nation and thus to its independence.

German-Chinese Relations up to the 20th Century

Excerpt from my last book "Transformation in Mongolia. Miscellanies from Politics, History, Society, Economy and Culture" („Transformation in der Mongolei. Miszellen aus Politik, Geschichte, Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und Kultur“), =Berliner Mongolei-Studien, LIT-Verlag, Berlin 2022.